意见反馈 手机随时随地看行情
  • 公司公告

公司公告

乐鑫科技:Espressif Systems Q1 2022 Report2022-04-30  

                        Contents

3    About Espressif

4    Business Highlights (Unaudited)



6    Management Report

6    Business Strategy

7    Developer Community Metrics

8    Ownership of Securities

9    Risks and Uncertainties



10   Financial Statements (Unaudited)

10   Consolidated Balance Sheet

11   Consolidated Income Statement

13   Consolidated Cash Flow Statement



14   Further Information

14   Terms and Conditions of the Report

15   List of abbreviations
  ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| ABOUT ESPRESSIF




  About Espressif                                                                SHARE



  A Leading AIoT Solution Provider

  Espressif Systems is a public, multinational, fabless, semiconductor company focused
  on developing cutting-edge, wireless-communication, low-power chipsets. By
  leveraging wireless computing, we provide green, versatile and cost-eective AIoT
  solutions. We have accomplished a hardware-and-software, closed-loop development
  cycle for a series of core technologies, including RF, Wi-Fi & Bluetooth LE network
  protocol stacks, RISC-V MCUs, AI instruction sets and algorithms, operating systems,
  toolchains, compilers, IoT software application frameworks, Cloud, etc.


  We have a diverse team of engineers from around the world. All company branches
  employ more than 500 members of sta from almost 30 countries and regions, +75% of
  whom are based in our Research & Development Department. We have eight R&D
  centers in ve countries, including China (4 out of 8), India, the Czech Republic, Brazil
  and Singapore. The company’s increasing reputation in recent years has been
  instrumental in attracting talented engineers from across the world. Being united by our
  passion for technology, our diversity is our strength, as it allows the creative blending of
  dierent kinds of knowledge, perspectives and ways of thinking.




                                   TOP 1
                                   global Wi-Fi MCU

                                     market share*



                                                   Czechia                                       China
products distributed
 all over the world
                                                                                                 Shanghai|Suzhou

                                                                                                 Wuxi|Hefei

                                                                  India

               millions of users

                                                                                                  Singapore
                                                       Brazil

  * Market share data from TSR
                                                                                                                3
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS (UNAUDITED)




Business Highlights (Unaudited)
Key Financial Data (Unaudited)
                                                                Three Months Ended                Fiscal Year
CNY                                                      March 31, 2022       March 31, 2021         2021

Consolidated Statement of Income Data
Revenue                                                     288,948,065          270,513,645       1,386,371,541
Gross prot                                                  118,589,940          108,219,817         549,025,732
Selling expenses                                              9,194,881               9,789,393       41,815,693
General and administrative expenses                          13,404,541              12,202,888       55,485,146
Research and development expenses                            74,848,290              58,890,426      271,689,981
Net income                                                   27,852,092              33,999,375      198,427,708

Earnings per share:
 Basic                                                           0.3475                 0.4248              2.4775
 Diluted                                                         0.3475                 0.4248              2.4566

                                                         March 31, 2022    December 31, 2021
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data
Cash, cash equivalent and investments                      1,027,717,008        1,114,558,363
Working capital                                            1,791,815,378        1,749,605,271
Total assets                                               2,094,943,752        2,129,056,143
Long-term obligations                                        66,739,721              68,244,392
Total shareholders’ equity                                1,874,366,128        1,823,017,913


                                                                Three Months Ended                Fiscal Year
                                                         March 31, 2022       March 31, 2021         2021
Consolidated Cash Flow Data
Net cash ow from operating activities                        -36,870,506          -13,498,498         31,460,857

Non-GAAP Adjustment
Stock-based compensation                                      4,825,008               5,423,960       21,787,964
Non-GAAP net income                                          32,677,101              39,423,335      220,215,672




Key Financial Indicators (Unaudited)
                                                                Three Months Ended                Fiscal Year

                                                         March 31, 2022       March 31, 2021         2021

Gross margin                                                    41.04%                 40.01%            39.60%
R&D-to-sales ratio                                              25.90%                 21.77%            19.60%
EBITDA margin                                                   11.67%                 13.71%            16.78%
Weighted ROE                                                      1.51%                 2.07%            11.52%



                                                                                                                     4
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS (UNAUDITED)




Financial Analysis

Revenue and Gross Margin

Espressif’s revenue during the rst quarter of 2022 was CNY 288.95 million, which
                                                                                              B     $
                                                                                              usiness

marked an increase of 6.81% compared to the same period of last year. The Internet of
Things industry is still growing, but the rst quarter of 2022 was an o-peak period for
the company. In addition, the ongoing global pandemic and the impact of the Omicron



                                                                                              D
variant, in particular, resulted in extended lockdowns for several Chinese cities, which
has aected the downstream demand. Thus, the company sales increased only slightly
compared with last year's same period. The gross margin for the reporting period was
                                                                                                  eveloper
41.04%. 



Research and Development Expenses

The R&D expenditure in Q1 2022 was CNY 74.85 million, that is, 27.10% up compared
with the same period of last year. In fact, the company's development expanded


                                                                                              B
signicantly and it now includes the integration of "Wireless SoC + AI + Software +
Cloud", which has required substantial R&D investment. At the same time, the company
is focused on improving the eciency of its research-and-development, with the aim to              usiness
speed up the release of new products. The two series of chips released in 2020, ESP32-
S3 and ESP32-C3, have contributed to the company’s nancial performance in Q1
2022, and the three new chips released in 2021, ESP32-H2, ESP32-C2 and ESP32-C6,
will enter the stage of mass production and marketing promotion soon. Our cloud
platform, ESP Rainmaker, will also contribute to the revenue that will be accumulated
throughout 2022. 



Inventories

The closing inventory balance at the end of Q1 2022 was CNY 396.18 million, thus
increasing by 21.46% since the end of the previous year. Considering the following
factors collectively, the company has maintained an active stocking strategy, while raw
materials and nished products increased during the reporting period.


 We expect that wafer supply will remain tight in the current year.

 We continue to explore new business opportunities, such as enterprise-wide business
  applications (e.g., industrial automation, healthcare, energy control, etc.) which have
  already started integrating Internet connectivity into their oerings. Additionally, it is
  expected that consumption by individuals will recover as soon as the pandemic is
  controlled in China.


 The life cycle of Espressif products is fairly long. We provide alongevity commitment
  of up to 12 years, and the company is strong enough to manage any inventory
  backlog.


The cumulative inventory has led to a net cash outow from operating activities during
the rst quarter of 2022.                                                                                5
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| MANAGEMENT REPORT




Management Report
Business Strategy

Espressif Systems’ business strategy emanates from our four key capabilities and our
four key services/products. More specically, the four key capabilities include
Espressif’s connectivity and chip design, OS-level development, software solutions, and
our engagement with our ecosystem. Our four key services and products include our
development environment, software tools, cloud services, and detailed documentation
support. The above-mentioned structure ensures that our products are the heart of
numerous commercial AIoT applications in dierent markets, including smart home,
consumer electronics, industrial automation, healthcare, etc.




                                                                               IoT Overview
                                                                 Apple          Microsoft                                                                                                          Internet
                    Amazon                   Google                                            XiaoMi             Baidu           Alibaba                              Tencent
                                                                HomeKit          Azure                                                                                                             Platform


                    Smart                   Consumer            Industrial                   Internet of      Energy                                                                               Business
                                                                               Healthcare                                        Education                                …
                    Home                    Electronics        Automation                     Vehicles      Management                                                                            Application


                                                                                                            Video-
                                               Developer Open-source              Social                                                                                                          Developer
                                                                                            Techblog       sharing        TPPS     …
                                               Ecosystem   Platform              Platform                                                                                                         Ecosystem
                                                                                                           Platform
                                                                                                                                             Development Environment




                                                 AI Voice        AI Image      Peripheral   Connect                   Remote                                                                       Software
                                                                                                           Mesh                    …
                                                                                 Driver     Control                   Monitor                                                                      Solution
  Cloud Service *




                                                 Recognition     Recognition
                            Documentation




                                                                                                                                                                                 Tools Software




                                                                ESP IoT OS                         Support for Other OS                                                                            Operating
                                                                  ESP-IDF                   NuttX / Zephyr / Vela / OpenHarmony                                                                     System




                                                     Wi-Fi 4/Wi-Fi 6            BLE 5.0/BLE 5.2                   Thread/Zigbee                                                                   Connectivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Technology
                                                                                                                                                                                                       &
                                                                                                 AI                    Security                                                                   Chip Design
                                                  Wireless SoC                 RISC-V
                                                                                             Accelerator              Encryption



* ESP RainMaker,an AIoT cloud platform that enables customers to quickly build their own solutions based on
enterprise-grade cloud computing, with a single-click deployment.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 6
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| MANAGEMENT REPORT




Developer Community Metrics
      ITEM                                                                                   April 27, 2022             Dec 31, 2021   change%
GitHub (Worldwide open-source development platform)
      ESP32 Projects                                                                                 32,742                  29,007       13%
      ESP8266 Projects                                                                               36,438                  35,055        4%
Gitee (Chinese open-source development platform)
      ESP32 Projects                                                                                   2,719                   2,592       5%
      ESP8266 Projects                                                                                 1,926                   1,867       3%
CSDN (Chinese Tech-blog platform)
      Search results for ESP32                                                                       83,381                  79,188        5%
      Search results for ESP8266                                                                     31,055                  30,033        3%
Hackaday (open-source hardware platform)
      ESP32 projects                                                                                   4,029                   3,816       6%
      ESP8266 projects                                                                                 5,871                   5,789       1%
Reddit
      ESP32 group members                                                                            49,758                  46,540        7%
      ESP8266 group members                                                                          55,168                  53,523        3%
bilibili (Chinese video-sharing platform)
      Ocial account followers                                                                        18,996                  17,502        9%
      Ocial account views                                                                           455,506                 390,000       17%
YouTube
      Ocial account subscribers                                                                      11,800                  11,600        2%
      Ocial account views                                                                           567,465                 556,846        2%
      ESP32 community videos                                                                        522,995                 466,459       12%
      ESP8266 community videos                                                                      725,961                 687,155        6%
      Views of most watched ESP32 community video                                              around 2.5m              around 1.5m
      Views of most watched ESP8266 community video                                            around 1.5m              around 1.5m


N.B.:
Statistical data derived from dierent platforms may be based on dierent collecting methods. It is possible for
certain platforms to modify their algorithms from time to time and, therefore, impact the resulting statistical data.
The above-mentioned data resulted from the Company’s research.




                                                                                                                                                 7
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| MANAGEMENT REPORT




Ownership of Securities

Basic information of securities

Share types             Ordinary share

Share capital           80,374,966 (as of March 31, 2022)

Listing                 Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE)

Ticker                  688018.SH

Listing Date            2019-07-22




Shareholder Structure as of Mar 31, 2022

Shareholder                                                   Share Numbers          Percentage (%)

Espressif (Hong Kong) Investment Ltd.                                   34,860,000                     43.37
Shinvest Holding Ltd.                                                    2,804,446                      3.49
Yadong Beichen Investment Management Co., Ltd.                           2,568,484                      3.20
MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL                                              2,056,361                      2.56
BOC - Franklin Templeton Sealand Fund                                    1,791,489                      2.23
ABC - Franklin Templeton Sealand Fund                                    1,251,882                      1.56

Ningbo Meishan Free Trade Port Le Tun Investment Management
                                                                         1,046,030                      1.30
Partnership (Limited Partnership)

MORGAN STANLEY & CO. INTERNATIONAL PLC.                                   940,162                       1.17

CMB-Franklin Templeton Sealand Fund                                      915,473                       1.14

BOC - Cathay Pacic CES Semiconductor Chip ETF                             886,724                       1.10
Top ten shareholders                                                    49,121,051                     61.12

Other public shareholders                                               31,253,915                     38.88

Total of outstanding shares                                             80,374,966                    100.00




                                                                                                               8
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| MANAGEMENT REPORT




Risks and Uncertainties


                    Financial Risk

                    The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ nancial condition
                    and generally requires no collateral from its customers. The Company provides an
                    allowance for expected credit losses based on the net amount expected to be collected
                    on such receivables. Losses have not been signicant for any of the periods presented.



                    R&D Risk

                    Espressif’s research and development strategy is focused on leveraging new technologies
                    for the creation of innovative AIoT products. Any delays or changes in the development of
                    these technologies by our industry partners, or a failure of our products to achieve market
                    acceptance could compromise our competitive position. 



                    Competitors

                    As the market for AIoT products grows, we face an increasing antagonism from relatively
                    large competitors, such as Realtek, MediaTek, Inneon, NXP, Qualcomm and others.
                    Intense competition from current players as well as new entrants may reduce our product
                    sales and market share. 



                    Suppliers

                    A signicant portion of the Company’s products is fabricated by Taiwan Semiconductor
                    Manufacturing Co. (TSMC). The inability of TSMC to deliver wafers to the Company in a
                    timely manner could impact the production of the Company’s products for a substantial
                    period of time, which could have an adverse eect on the Company’s business, nancial
                    condition, results of operations and cash ow. 



                    Customers

                    The Company sells directly to end customers, distributors, solution providers and contract
                    manufacturers. Our customers are a mix of several big customers and numerous small
                    customers. The concentration ratio for our top-ve customers was 29.05%, 42.18% and
                    50.96% during the scal years of 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. None of the
                    customers accounted for greater than 10% of our revenue during the scal year of 2021.



                                                                                                                  9
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)




Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited)

CNY                                                               March 31, 2022     December 31, 2021

Assets

Current assets:
 Cash and bank balances                                                414,614,465         367,149,078
 Transactions ofmonetaryassets                                         613,102,542         747,409,285
 Notes receivable                                                        6,894,036          11,600,177
 Accounts receivable, net                                              235,629,926         306,823,758
 Prepayments                                                            13,725,689           8,172,703
 Other receivables                                                       9,483,712           9,519,869
   Including: Interest receivable                                          761,091             298,796
 Inventories                                                           396,178,543         326,168,928
 Other current assets                                                  256,024,366         210,555,311
Total current assets                                               1,945,653,280          1,987,399,110

Non-current assets:

 Investment in other equity assets                                      56,595,200          56,600,700
 Fixed assets                                                           48,801,038          46,176,368
 Construction work in progress
 Right-of-use assets                                                    21,254,676          21,731,123
 Intangible assets                                                       2,996,581           3,191,335
 Long-term deferred expenses                                             7,195,129           7,582,637
 Deferred income tax assets                                             12,447,849           6,374,870

Total assets                                                       2,094,943,752          2,129,056,143
                                                                                0                    0




                                                                                                          10
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)




Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited)

CNY                                                               March 31, 2022     December 31, 2021

Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:
 Accounts payable                                                       73,929,814         138,572,198
 Contract liabilities                                                   23,482,662          17,184,196
 Payroll payable                                                        29,624,227          66,168,763
 Taxes payable                                                           8,169,446           6,472,494
 Other payable                                                           7,662,710             754,261
 Non-current liabilities due within one year                            10,969,044           8,641,928
Total current liabilities                                              153,837,902         237,793,839

Non-current liabilities:
 Lease liabilities                                                      11,149,143          12,116,036
 Deferred income tax liabilities                                        55,590,578          56,128,356
Total liabilities                                                      220,577,623         306,038,230

Owners’ equity (or shareholders' equity):
 Share capital                                                        80,374,966             80,158,963
 Capital reserves                                                  1,291,696,374          1,266,771,034
 Other comprehensive income                                          -17,356,799            -15,711,579
 Surplus reserves                                                     33,462,951             33,462,951
 Retained earnings                                                   486,188,636            458,336,543
Total shareholder equity                                           1,874,366,128          1,823,017,913

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity                         2,094,943,752          2,129,056,143




                                                                                                          11
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)




Consolidated Income Statement (Unaudited)

                                                                             Three Months Ended
CNY                                                                    March 31, 2022             March 31, 2021

Revenue                                                                   288,948,065                270,513,645
Cost of Revenue                                                           170,358,125                162,293,828
Gross Prot                                                                118,589,940                108,219,817

Taxes and surcharges                                                          518,433                    669,524
Selling expenses                                                            9,194,881                  9,789,393
General and administrative expenses                                        13,404,541                 12,202,888
Research and development expenses                                          74,848,290                 58,890,426
Financial expenses                                                            568,027                 -1,084,134
  Including: Interest expenses                                                212,682
             Interest income                                                  696,647                  1,056,570
Add: Other income                                                            252,748                    211,159
Investment income (mark"-" for loss)                                        3,180,588                  3,824,922
Incomes from changes in fair value (mark"-" for loss)                       3,076,241                  1,721,331
Credit impairment losses (mark"-" for loss)                                                                8,531
Assets impairment losses (mark"-" for loss)                                  -412,271                   -186,230
Assets disposal income (mark"-" for loss)
Operating Income                                                           26,153,075                 33,331,433
Add: Non-operating revenues
Less: Non-operating expenses                                                                              23,470
Income before income taxes                                                 26,153,075                 33,307,963
Provision (benet) for income taxes                                         -1,699,018                   -691,412

Net Income                                                                 27,852,092                 33,999,375
                                                                                   0                          0
Earnings per share
 Basic                                                                         0.3475                     0.4248
 Diluted                                                                       0.3475                     0.4248




                                                                             Three Months Ended
CNY                                                                    March 31, 2022             March 31, 2021

Net Income                                                                 27,852,092                 33,999,375
Other comprehensive income (mark"-" for loss), after tax
 Changes to the fair value of investment in other equity instruments           -5,500                      9,280
 Currency translation reserves                                             -1,639,720                  2,769,633
Other comprehensive income (mark"-" for loss)                              -1,645,220                  2,778,913

Comprehensive income                                                       26,206,872                 36,778,288




                                                                                                                   12
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)




Consolidated Cash Flow Statement (Unaudited)

                                                                                   Three Months Ended
CNY                                                                          March 31, 2022             March 31, 2021

Operating Activities
 Cash from sales of merchandise and provision of services                       392,796,778                296,301,671
 Tax refund                                                                      27,316,374                 14,728,575
 Other received cash related to operational activities                            9,288,587                  1,533,905
Subtotal of cash inow from operational activities                               429,401,738                312,564,150

 Cash paid for merchandise and services                                         336,017,954                214,649,468
 Cash paid to and for employees                                                 107,719,618                 89,711,836
 Cash paid for taxes and surcharges                                               6,938,817                  5,945,478
 Other paid cash related to operational activities                               15,595,855                 15,755,867
Subtotal of cash outow from operational activities                              466,272,244                326,062,649

Net cash ow provided by operating activities                                    -36,870,506                -13,498,498

Investment activities
 Cash arising from disposal of investments                                      833,768,443                858,355,385
 Cash arising from investment income                                              1,427,583
 Net cash arising from disposal of xed assets, intangible assets and other                                       5,510
 long-term assetscash related to investment activities
 Other received
Subtotal of cash inow from investment activities                                835,196,026                858,360,895
 Cash paid for purchase and construction of xed assets, intangible assets
                                                                                 12,606,551                  4,900,519
 and other long-term assets
 Cash paid for investments                                                      755,100,000                909,770,000
 Other paid cash relating to investment activities
Subtotal of cash outow from investment activities                               767,706,551                914,670,519

Net amount of cash ow provided by investment activities                          67,489,475                -56,309,624

Financing activities
 Cash arising from the issuance of common stocks                                 20,316,335
    Including: Cash arising from subsidiaries absorbing investments by
    minority shareholders
Subtotal of cash inow from nancing activities                                    20,316,335

 Cash paid for the distribution of dividends and prots, or payment of                                       32,742,816
 interests
     dividends and prots to minority shareholders by subsidiaries
 Other cash payments relating to nancing activities                               1,236,611                  1,936,027
Subtotal of cash outow from nancing activities                                    1,236,611                 34,678,843

Net cash ow provided by nancing activities                                       19,079,723                -34,678,843

Impact of uctuation in exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents                -2,226,953                  3,047,730


Net increase in cash and cash equivalents                                        47,471,739               -101,439,235
 Add: Cash and cash equivalents at the commencement of the period               367,142,726                503,239,843

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period                              414,614,465                401,800,608




                                                                                                                         13
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| FURTHER INFORMATION




Further Information
Terms and Conditions of the Report
Responsibility Statement

The Board of Directors, the Board of Supervisors and executive management of the
Company warrant that the contents of this report are true, accurate and complete, and
do not contain any false information, misleading statements or material omissions,
severally and jointly accepting any legal responsibility thereof. 



Shanghai, 29 April 2022

Espressif Systems


Board of Directors                              Board of Supervisors
Teo Swee Ann                                    Lv Zhihua
Founder and Chairman                            Employee-elected
Ng Pei Chi                                      Fu Hanyu
Information Technology Ocer                     Shareholder-elected
Teo Teck Leong                                  Wang Yiwen
Shareholder-elected                             Shareholder-elected
Xu Xin
Shareholder-elected                             Executive Management
Lan Yuzhe                                       Teo Swee Ann
Independent Director                            Founder and CEO
Koh Chuan Koon                                  Wang Jue
Independent Director                            Deputy General Manager
Lee Sze Chin                                    Shao Jingbo
Independent Director                            Financial Director




Forward-looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements and/or assessments about the                 SPRESSIF
                                                                                            E
business, nancial condition, performance and strategy of the Espressif Group. These
statements and/or assessments are based on assumptions and management
expectations resting upon currently available information and current estimates. These    Declaration
are subject to a multitude of uncertainties and risks, many of which are partially or
entirely beyond Espressif’s control. Espressif’s actual business development, nancial    SY
condition, performance and strategy may, therefore, dier from what is discussed in this         STE MS
report.
                                                                                                         14
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT| FURTHER INFORMATION




List of abbreviations

AI                       Articial Intelligence
AIoT                     Articial Intelligence and Internet of Things
Bluetooth LE             Bluetooth Low Energy
CEO                      Chief Executive Ocer
CES                      Consumer Electronics Show
EBITDA                   Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization
Espressif                ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS (SHANGHAI) CO., LTD.
ETF                      Exchange Traded Fund
G&A                      General and Administrative
GM                       Gross Margin
IoT                      Internet of Things
R&D                      Research & Development
RF                       Radio Frequency
RISC-V MCU               Reduced Instruction Set Computer-V Microcontroller Unit
ROE                      Return on Earnings
SG&A                     Selling, General and Administrative
SH                       Shanghai
SoCs                     System on Chips
TPPS                     Third-Party Plugins
TSR                      Techno Systems Research




                                                                                          15
ESPRESSIF SYSTEMS|Q1 2022 REPORT|




                 SHARE




                                                                                                                             INNOVATE




                                                                                                         SHARE

Investor Relations
ir@espressif.com




Ocial Platforms
www.espressif.com
                                                                                          AIoT
blog.espressif.com

github.com/espressif

esp32.com I esp8266.com I bbs.espressif.com 




Social Media
twitter.com/EspressifSystem

facebook.com/espressif

linkedin.com/company/espressif-systems

youtube.com/EspressifSystems

instagram.com/espressif_systems_ocial

bilibili.espressif.com




Copyright  2022 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. All trade names, trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned in this
document are property of their respective owners, and are hereby acknowledged. The term “Espressif” refers to Espressif Systems (Shanghai) Co.,
Ltd. and/or its subsidiaries. This report is prepared in Chinese and English respectively. In case of any discrepancies between Chinese and foreign
interpretations, the Chinese version shall prevail.